Research on some problems of innovative design

Research on some problems of innovative design introduction design is a work that requires a variety of expertise and practical experience, including analysis, synthesis, decomposition and evaluation. It is a creative activity to give the correct realization of reasonable needs. The highest state of engineering design is creativity, and invention is the core of the development and prosperity of science and technology. Product design is the most creative work, but so far, the research results of innovative design are rare

although innovative design is no longer shrouded in the mysterious aura of "talent theory" and "Heredity theory", so far, creation can not be completed by anyone. Although there are some research results of innovative design, they mainly focus on the research on different aspects of creative thinking, and have not formed a complete theory, such as brainstorming method, combined innovation method and analogy method, which mainly summarizes the phenomenon of how to effectively realize innovation; About the process of creative thinking, there are four stage theory and two stage theory. The latter divides creative thinking into two obvious stages, that is, changing from unfamiliar to familiar and from familiar to unfamiliar. These mainly give the macro description of the creative thinking process; For design problems, Gero believes that it can be divided into three categories: conventional design, innovative design and creative design. There is no clear method to realize the latter two, even if there is no accurate definition of what is innovative design

what is the essence of innovative design? What are the main obstacles? With the rapid development of computer, what problems can be solved by using computer technology in innovative design? The answers to these questions will help us to better understand the significance of creative design, help us to distinguish which work in creative design is the key factor affecting its realization on the computer, and distinguish which work can be completed with the help of existing computer technology and which work still needs to be completed by people

starting with the resource model, this paper first discusses the commonness of design methods and the differences between innovative design and general design work. Based on the further study of the nature of the design process, it gives a classification of creative design, and points out the difficulties of various designs and the parts that can be realized by computer

1 recognition of resources

resources: let Q and V be the ontology and variants of resource R, where Q1, Q2,..., Qi,..., QN are the eternal truth propositions of ontology qi1, Qi2,..., QIM are the equivalent eternal truth propositions of Qi, then ontology can be expressed as

the variables in the variants are V1, V2,..., VK, and the corresponding values.If the domain is D1, D2,..., DK, the variant can be expressed as d=d1 × D2 ×…× DK, d 'are subsets satisfying the Q constraint. D' is called the variation range of resources. Dk= (D1, D2,... DK) is a point in resources. (Q, DK) an instance resource called resource R. Resource R can be expressed as the ontology and variant of

resources, which describe resources from different aspects. Only the organic combination of the two is a complete description of resources. The variant of a resource is actually the feasible space of the resource constrained by the resource ontology

the eternal truth proposition in the resource ontology is either called the nature of resources or the characteristics or functions of resources in product development. These are the basis for resource selection in product development. For the convenience of discussion, they are collectively referred to as the nature of resources

in the production closed-loop control, also known as the target program automatic control product development, the designer uses the nature of the resource ontology, the basic unit that plays a role in the product resources is the nature of the resource ontology, the basic unit that the designer thinks and uses is resources, the human concept resources are taken as the basic unit when thinking, and the specific material resources of the objective world are taken as the basic unit when using

in the design, designers are concerned about the available properties in the resource ontology, and choose one or several properties in the resource ontology instead of all properties. A resource ontology has multiple properties, and properties work in a variety of ways. Different properties can produce different functions, can be used for different purposes, can also be used for the same purpose, and a property can also be used for different purposes, depending on the use method of resources

a resource ontology has multiple properties. The value of resources lies in its properties. Properties depend on resources and cannot exist independently of resources. The existence of these properties is not transferred by human will. When we choose resources, whether we like these properties or not, they objectively exist in the selected resource ontology. Among them, the properties that are beneficial to the design will work, and the properties that are not beneficial or even counterproductive to the design will also work. In the design, beneficial properties should be used to deal with harmful properties. For example, in shipbuilding, the reason why steel is selected is to make use of its properties in stiffness and strength, rather than its easy to rust properties, let alone the unhelpful properties of shipbuilding that its specific gravity is greater than water

since the core of product design is the use of resource nature, the key to the flexible use of resources is the flexible use of resource nature, and the flexible use of resources is the key to innovative design. Therefore, the following gives a classification of design based on the nature of resources

2 classification of innovative design

innovative design: it can give new resources recognized by users that meet the needs of some people, or give new theories or methods that can guide the design of resources that meet the needs of some people

(1) the conventional design

has clear problems and complete problem solutions. The solutions to users' problems are included in the existing problem solutions. Generally, only some parameters need to be changed

although conventional design does not belong to innovative design, it is still regarded as a separate category to ensure the integrity of design classification

(2) use common properties to invent (small inventions)

find problems, find common properties that can solve problems, and give the final solution. This generally corresponds to small inventions, but it meets certain needs. The key is the flexible use of the nature of existing resources

(3) use property combination to invent

find problems, recombine known properties, and finally give a solution to the problem. Here, the invention is divided into two types: using the combination of properties of different resources and using multiple properties of a certain resource

(4) use uncommon properties for invention

find problems and find uncommon properties for invention. The key is to find available properties. It is more and more difficult to invent through the known properties of human beings. There are two main factors that affect people's invention by using known properties. The first is the human prejudice against the good and bad of the concept (resource) neutral existence. Prejudice is an important factor that affects people to make correct use of known properties for invention. It is not uncommon to make inventions through the shortcomings of existing resources; Second, designers have no idea about the nature of resources known to mankind. With the rapid development of science and technology, disciplines are becoming more and more detailed. Because designers know little about knowledge outside the discipline (including the nature of concepts), the knowledge of these disciplines cannot be applied to product development

obviously, the combination of properties will produce a combination explosion. The new resources constructed in this way are infinite, and some combinations are obviously meaningless. Therefore, only those innovations recognized by users and new resources that are useful to users can become new products that users are satisfied with

(5) invent and create by discovering the nature of the objective world

in product development, we can not find the nature that can be used for invention and creation. Only through the discovery of nature can we finally realize invention and creation. Experiment and analogy are the basic methods to discover properties

in practice, there is no theory for many phenomena. We just find the properties rather than the theory. We can make inventions by using these properties. The discovery of properties can not only be used for the invention and creation of products, but also lay a good foundation for the final establishment of theories in this field through the continuous accumulation of properties. It is also the only way to establish theory

(6) discovery of theories covering a class of phenomena for invention and creation

obviously, the establishment of a theory covering a class of phenomena can deduce many useful properties for human beings from the theory, which will lead to the emergence of many inventions and creations, and can clearly give a clear solution to a large class of problems, which is also easy to further improve the solutions of many problems. Newtonian mechanics is the best example. In the future product development, there will not be the problem of finding and discovering properties in the first two methods

nature discovery itself is a hard scientific research work. From nature discovery to product development, the key is to make use of the nature and successfully apply the nature to product innovation. This is also a hard scientific research work. It can be said that nature discovery and nature utilization are two different stages of innovative design

in the process of innovative design, property discovery is an important link. The purpose of brainstorming, analogy design, defect inverse usage and experiment is to find properties without theoretical guidance. The role of brainstorming and defect inverse usage is to find existing properties. With the continuous development of computer hardware, knowledge base and database, the use of computers is inevitable, It is also inevitable for human beings to discover their needs and properties through experimental means

of course, having a large amount of knowledge is the nature of having a large amount of resources. It is the basis of innovative design, but this does not mean that innovative design can be completed. There is no problem that users need to solve and the use method of the nature. A large number of properties can only be stored as knowledge and cannot be transformed into new products

3 discussion on some problems related to innovative design

3.1 multi solution of product design

the development process of products is the construction process of resource tree. The construction process of resource tree is the implementation process of resource selection, utilization and connection. In this process, there are many factors that affect the final product (the solution of the problem) and lead to the diversity of solutions

it can be seen from the above discussion that in product development, the nature of resource ontology is used, while the basic unit used is material resources. The same group of properties can exist in different material resource ontologies, and these different resource ontologies can have different properties in addition to the same properties. In the design, because specific material resources are used, designers may have different results by using the same nature of different resource ontology to solve the same problem. For example, in the design of stool, steel pipe and wood can be selected as supports due to the requirements of strength and stiffness, but their different properties in other aspects lead to many different characteristics of the final product. Therefore, the same requirement can be implemented in different ways

on the other hand, many human needs have their own variants, which contain a certain range, so the solution of the problem must be a set. For example, in the design of a stool, the position of its cross brace is a solution set